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Notes on video lecture:
The Enlightenment, Empire, and Colonization: Burke vs. Hastings
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on October 17, 2014 (go to class or lectures)


Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
languages, juggernaut, commensurate, Clive, Pombal, warfare, universal, reason, institutions, social, Burke, corruptions, societies, stock, monopoly, India, Adam, Bengal, family, obligation, recast, East, empires, escalating, American
science of the 18th century
new laws of
economics
sciences
it occurred to people that these sciences could be used to make more efficient than they had been
instead of these pellmell, piled- upon, amalgamations of ad hoc rules and practices that empires had invented and arrived at over the centuries
by the time they were in competition with each other
the empires were facing costs with not always rising returns
new laws of economics and social sciences
one realized that science could be used to change
science then comes full circle
it's the product of empire, but also could be used to , to reform empire
mercantilism reformed
a system which created , rules and practices which sought to ensure that more wealth flowed into European cities than flowed out
the critical instrument that made sure this practice continued was the mercantile and its sequel, the joint- company
with escalating , mercantilist empires had to find revenues to fund these efforts
the India Company
the icon of this age of mercantilism
a company that enjoyed, by definition, rights
the idea of monopoly rights was the most important target of Smith when he wrote the Wealth of Nations (1776)
monopoly rights meant for large returns from abroad, e.g. in , and flows of wealth back to Europe, but it was threatening to corrupt Europe at home
these monopoly practices began to be seen in conflict with the Age of Reason
Edmund
a voice in these debates
made a career out of pointing out the and vices who were using public stations to benefit themselves privately
supported the Revolutionaries because he was against monopolies
went after Warren Hastings
the chief executive officer of the East India Company
a man of , science, a man of this age
brought by into the East India Company as a young man
rose up to succeed Clive
became the first governor general in
consolidated Clive's conquests in Bengal
imagined himself the product of science, new scientific rules, made new laws, learned
was going to apply these new social sciences
"we as men of science have an to apply these laws"
compared natural laws and natural rights
already forecasting that by enlightening Indians, British dominance would eventually fade
"the Enlightenment can serve the Empire"
Edward Burke vs. Warren Hastings
East India Company was a Company-State which
had armies
collected taxes
was impeached and led to the "Trial of Warren Hastings"
gained wealth by using a state license
seen at home as corrupting
the way empire was being practiced through this companies was destroying the ethical fabric of society
Burke ruled about company rule
the Enlightenment could spread empire, and empire could spread the promise of the Enlightenment
not just a British or French believe
Portugal
Marquis de
People:
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######################### (1729-1797) Irish statesman who served in the British House of Commons remembered for his support of the American Revolutionaries and opposition to French Revolution
|
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######################### (1732-1818) The first Governor-General of Bengal, from 1772 to 1785, was accused of corruption and impeached in 1787, but after a long trial he was acquitted in 1795
|
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######################### (1699-1782) 18th-century Portuguese statesman and de facto head of government, notable for his swift and competent leadership in the aftermath of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, he implemented sweeping economic policies in Portugal to regulate commercial activity and standardize quality throughout the country
|
Spelling Corrections:
almalgamations ⇒ amalgamations
mercantalism ⇒ mercantilism
forcasting ⇒ forecasting
Ideas and Concepts:
The burning political question of the 18th century, via tonight's History Since 1300 class: "How can we use these new economic and social sciences to change the way in which we practice state building, instead of continuing to live under these pell-mell, piled-upon, amalgamations of rules and practices invented by and arrived at ad hoc throughout the centuries by these juggernaut and now increasingly financially and ethically bankrupt empires?"