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Notes on video lecture:
The Apex and Erosion of the Mughal Empire
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on January 4, 2014 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
defect, India, cotton, Persian, Punjab, Europeans, zamindar, third, 1689, Hindu, rule, pacified, Mahal, alliances, violence, peacock, Akbar, regime, mercantilist, ostentation, toxic, marriage, Marathas, sustain
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Mughal Empire (1526–1857)
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northern           , being then under mainly Muslim rulers, fell to the superior mobility and firepower of the Mughals
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resulting Mughal Empire did not stamp out the local societies it came to         , but rather balanced and                  them through new administrative practices
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it's one thing to create a regime as the Mughals did, it's another thing to                it, which they accomplished through three basic pillars
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1. used                  to combine households into nuptial alliances to create bonds of loyalty by forging kinship networks
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2. aristocratic nature of the empire drawing wealth from peasants
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used tax collectors called                 
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3. use of the military
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Mughal Empire was pluralistic
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predominantly Muslim
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mostly           
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Sikh (follower of Sikhism, from the              region)
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           (1542-1605)
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Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death
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           and greatest ruler
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Mughal Empire reached acme under him
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established a centralized system of administration throughout his empire and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy
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had several wives
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used marriage and kinship networks as a way of stitching together a             
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court was multi-demoninational
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architecture had Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist and                traits
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half century of order and wealth
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apex in 1605 when he died
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he rules by forced, a period of                  and warfare
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many military campaigns against hold-out provinces
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his regime used symbols
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1. the                throne
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exemplified the power and majesty of the emperor
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buckets of diamonds
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silk canopy
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the source of a great ceremonial display
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doing the same as Louis IV was doing in France: creating                       
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2. Taj           
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for his wife
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very strong Persian flavors
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was a symbolic mirage, by the time it as built there was much tension
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Deccan Wars (1680-1707)
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longest recorded military engagement in the history of India
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war ended in 1707 with a victory for the                 
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armies with several thousand elephants
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had to bring in more revenues to continue war
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was a cycle of war and debt, similar to Europe at that time
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local magnates start to              from the system
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this breakdown combines with the Europeans who are hovering around the coast of India aggravating the decentralization of India
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the weakening of the Mughal authority creates a vacuum
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                   make deals with aristocrats who are trying to free themselves from the burdens of Mughal authority
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by 18th century, a critical focus of this was the production of             
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a crucial staple of making new forms of textiles in Europe
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England used silver from Peru to pay for the cotton
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result was a vast new trading emporia, like Bombay and Madras
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the firm that began to dominate this business was The East India Company
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founded in         
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product of this                          age
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sometimes would confront the Mughals
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company actually didn't have the strength to defend itself against the Mughal Empire, in fact got spanked in its first military confrontation
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Europeans quickly learned that they had to challenge Mughal authority through                   
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slow but inexorable erosion of central power merging with global forces, warlords allying with European merchant capitalists, a            combination for the Mughal Empire, culminating in the defection one by one of local regional power brokers.
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1500-1700 Indian Ocean Trading system
Da Gama, Pepper and World History
Portuguese Indian Ocean Empire
16th Century Colonialism Fueling European Violence
Global Food: European Sugar, Caribbean Plantations, African Slaves
16th and 17th Century Merchant Trading Companies
17th Century Interdependence of Trade and Investment
Francis Drake and Mercantilist Wars
The Apex and Erosion of the Mughal Empire
The Treaty of Westphalia as the Hinge of Modern History
The Influence of Silver on the Ming Dynasty
Political Reverberations of Ming Consolidation
18th China Resurgent as Qing Dynasty
18th Century Tea Trade, Leisure Time, and the Spread of Knowledge
Cook and Clive: Discoverers, Collectors and Conquerors of the Enlightenment
Strains on the Universality of the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment, Empire, and Colonization: Burke vs. Hastings
Enlightenment or Empire
18th Century Land Grabbing
The Industrial Revolution and the Transition of Non-Renewable Energy
The Seven Years' War and Colonial Revolutions
Napoleon, Spain, the Colonies, and Imperial Crises
Human Rights and the Meaning of Membership within Societies
Napoleon, New Nations, and Total War
The Ottoman Empire's 19th Century Tanzimat Reform
The Early 19th Century Market Revolution
The Global Upheavals of the Mid-19th Century
The Train, the Rifle, and the Industrial Revolution
Transition in India: Last of the Mughals
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 and Its Ramifications
Darwin's Effect on 19th Century Ideas
Factors Which Led to the Solidifying of Nation States
1868 Japan: The Meiji Restoration
1871: Germany Becomes a Nation
North American Nation-Building
19th Century Changing Concepts of Labor
The Benefits of Comparative Advantage
Migration after the Age of Revolutions
Creating 19th Century Global Free Trade
The Expanding 19th Century Capitalist System
The Second Industrial Revolution
The Closing of the American Frontier
Africa's Second Imperial Wave
Early 20th Century American Imperialism
1894-1905: Japan's Imperial Wave in Asia
Rashid Rida and 19th Century Islamic Modernization
19th Century Pan-Islam and Zionism Movements
19th Century Global Export-Led Growth
Indian Wars and Mass Slaughter of Bison
The Suez Canal's Effect on the Malayan Tiger
1890-1914: Savage Wars of Peace
1900-1909: Russian and Turkish Dynasties
1899-1911 The End of the Qing Dynasty
The 1910 Mexican Revolution
The Panic of 1907
Turn-of-the-Century Civilization and its Discontents
20th Century Questioning of Reason
Late 19th Century Anxieties of Race
The First World War
The End of WWI and the Attempt at Global Peace
The Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919
The Wilson-Lenin Moment
1919 Self-Determination Movements in India
Post-WWI European Peace and Global Colonial Upheaval
1929 Economic Collapse
Changes in Capitalism between the Wars