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Notes on video lecture:
1970s Democratic Socialism Becomes a Non-Choice
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on August 26, 2014 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
symbol, questioned, Moro, Brigades, currency, failing, failing, Scargill, governability, breaking, culturally, emerging, unions, oil, communist, Heath, dictatorial, consensus, USSR, Berlinguer, socialist, power, future, PS, communists, Thatcher, terrorists, support
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direction of global economy in 1970s
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the social democracy model
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the model of big companies, big government, big unions doesn't seem to be working or economically
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capitalism being
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1975, Time Magazine cover, "Can Capitalism Survive?"
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1980, Time Magazine cover, "Is Capitalism Working?"
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the rise of parties in Western Europe
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Enrico Berlinguer
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early 1970s: traditional communism didn't look unstable yet
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it looked as though the Soviet Union and their allies were at least not
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the higher price of tended to favor the Soviet Union in the short run
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they produce a large amount of oil
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gives them hard
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enables them to bolster communist states
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economically, socially, it looks like state socialism might be working
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big alternatives that are emerging
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increased focus on civil rights
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there needs to be something more involved in world politics than just a balance of
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1977-1981 Jimmy Carter was a of some of this
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the Cold War "swing areas" of the 70s: key areas which instigated change
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1. Western and Central Europe
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2. China
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choices made in these areas are going to change the flow of the Cold War
•
just as in other areas of history, these were key areas
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two U-turns
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1972: Edward turns to the left
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was going to fix inflation and fight unions
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1972 gave into the
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increased spending
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increased inflation
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bitterly denounced by , "this lady is not for turning"
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1982: Francois Mitterrand turns to the right
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leader of a democratic party
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1981: had taken charge of France in partnership with the
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1982: joined a new economic and political emerging in Europe which moved away from Communist influence
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democratic socialism
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had been slowly in European governments throughout the 1970s
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1974-1979: Labour Party in England
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1981: Mitterrand's (Parti socialiste) party came into power and invited the Communist Party into his first government
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unions such as the one that caused Edward Heath's U-Turn in 1972
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unions want wages to keep up with inflation
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the public had to take sides
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Thatcher and British Conservatives
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and the striking miners
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the British public ended up mostly taking sides with Thatcher in this case
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surge of Eurocommunism
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Italy
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Enrico
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Spain
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had been under rule of Franco
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1975: Franco passed away
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leading faction were democratic socialists
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rise of single-issue parties
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environment
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ethnic nationalism
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rise of concerns for and public order
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people feel like their societies are down
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union policies are having too much influence
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domestic
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Italy: the Red
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formed 1970
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violent attempts to destabilize Italy by acts of sabotage, bank robberies, and kidnappings
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kidnapped and murdered Christian Democrat Prime Minister Aldo
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Iran: U.S. embassy in Iran overrun by Iranian revolutionaries
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reaction to these events was: we need stronger public order
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democratic socialists can't free themselves of taint with association from the
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by late 1970s, Soviets are getting a pretty bad press
•
invasion of Afghanistan
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late 1970s: it's hard to look at the Soviet Union and see anything that looks like a model for the
•
the Soviet Union feels no strong incentive yet to reform their implementation of socialism which makes it difficult for socialist movements in Europe to get wide from the public
•
the result is that democratic socialism does not become the wave of the future in Europe
People:
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######################### (1922-1984) An Italian politician and national secretary of the Italian Communist Party
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######################### (1916-2005) Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974, bitterly denounced by Thatcher
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