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Notes on video lecture:
1947 China: Undesirable Communists vs. Flawed Nationalists
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
Japan, nationalists, revolutionary, American, Wedemeyer, communist, mausoleum, Chiang, looted, abandon, land, intervene, free, 1950, Manchuria, guerrilla, ancient, momentous, Europe, Chongqing, two, flawed, populous, late, use, Huks, Nanjing, money, Yangtze, Taiwan, enemies, 1920s, nationalist, Stalin, Korea, obscure, lavish, countryside, Mikoyan, KMT, hollow, permanent, French, bolster
two                            models forming in Asia
1. Guomindang (GMD)
also known as: Kuomintang (      )
Chinese Nationalist Party
current ruling political party in             
had started as a revolutionary party in the           
national conservative
top-down modernizer
the restorer of                Chinese traditions
United States takes a lead in sponsoring Nationalist China as a future great power
China should be a                    member of the new United Nations
1943 summit between Roosevelt, Churchill and             
2. Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Mao Zedong
both of these backed by international power, though the Soviet Union sought relations with the Guomindang as well
Chinese Civil War 1927-        
not very well understood
which is fairly puzzling since the fate of China, the most populous country on earth, is clearly very important in world history
an                patch of extremely important history
1947 in the midst of the civil war
if you had been taking bets, most people would have told you that the communists were a lot of trouble but the                          were bound to win
communists getting some supplies from Soviet Union
while trying to defeat the communists, the nationalists are moving their capital from                    to Nanjing, since much of China had been occupied by Japan who had subsequently left
trying to fight war and rebuild state
lands ravaged by years of warfare
overextended, economic base is fragile
not sound basis for currency
hyperinflation
background
Nationalists using                  supplies to gain control along the                River as well as Manchuria with its vital industry
communists know that the key lies in                   
Russians have occupied Manchuria through surrender terms with           
communists get Japanese military equipment and arms
George Marshall sent to China
received by Chiang Kai-shek
invites                    delegation
January 1946: agree to an American suggested truce: federal government permitting the two parties to govern regions currently held,          speech, resolve issue through dialogue and not fighting
within        months, troops are on the move again
100 savage skirmishes flare to full-scale war
Manchuria is the main point of struggle, the industry that Japan had built and left is the prize both sides fought for
Chiang's troops seize all cities but find a              triumph
Russian occupiers have              everything factory before withdrawal
Mao Zedong lead                    bands into formal armies
said that everyone in future China would have free speech except for                of the people, which turned out to mean: anyone who disagreed with him
1946 Chiang returns government to               
historically visits Sun Yat-sen                   
Chiang convenes congress to write a modern constitution as Sun Yat-sen had advised, but Chiang's power is militaristic
with American arms, he feels the communists can be crushed
the turning point of the war
1947 Soviet Union commit themselves to communist victory
Marshall had been disillusions with the National government
stopped supporting the Nationalists as they had been
continued to sell them arms for cash in a situation where the Chinese didn't have much           
were giving away simply equipment that they couldn't       
                   report: Nationalists have flaws, but we need to back them with money and arms and strategy
Marshall quashes this report
decides to let things play out in China however they will, and concentrate on             
1948 decisive differences
Moscow ups its play
              's mission to communist China
Anastas Mikoyan is top Soviet
Chinese communists              him, say Soviet Union is the model for them
Mao is afraid America is going to                    soon, which turn out to be unrealistic
congress is very worried about China
Marshall says: we need to support Europe more than China, but makes a deal to do both
but the help is too         
second half of 1948 Nationalists begin to lose decisive battles
1949 communists conquer all of China
you have to think of what a                    development this is
if you are thinking about a struggle to contain communism, you've just failed to contain communism in the most                  country on earth
a country that is a potential pivot in the course of world history
in addition, it's created a whole model for revolutionary change
come out of                       
organized the peasants
         reform
Mao gets together to celebrate             's birthday
talk about the possibilities
          : low-grade civil war going on with a Soviet-sponsored regime in the north, and an American supported regime in the south
Taiwan: Chiang has fled here and Mao wants to launch an invasion across the straits
Indochina: Viet Minh in north are seeking support from China and Soviet Union in battle against South Vietnam and             
Philippines: American supported government with rebellion of the          (Hukbalahap)
Indonesian: strong communist party
America's point of view
hope that the Chinese will become more                        than communist and come to disagree with the Soviets
America's experience with China
you like the Nationalist government of China, but it is deeply             , so what do you do
1.                them hoping to get them to fix flaws
2.                them to their fate
good arguments for both

Vocabulary:

firebrand, n. person who stirs up trouble or kindles a revolt  "Mao Zedong, the young firebrand."

People:

######################### (1887-1975)
Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China (Taiwan) between 1928 and 1975
  • took Sun's place as leader of the KMT (Kuomintang) when Sun died in 1925
######################### (1893-1976)
Chinese Communist revolutionary and the founding father of the People's Republic of China
  • governed China fro 1949-1976
######################### (1866-1925)
Chinese revolutionary, first president and founding father of the Republic of China
  • in the ROC (Republic of China, Taiwan) he is referred to as Father of the Nation
  • played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the years leading up to the Double Ten Revolution (Xinhai Revolution of 1911)
######################### (1897-1989)
United States Army commander who assumed command of U.S. forces in China during World War II
  • was also named Chief of Staff to the Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek
  • provided the Wedemeyer report which Marshall quashed
  • was a chief supporter of the Berlin Airlift
  • as a U.S. officer, he was appointed to the German war college Kriegsakademie in Berlin, 1936-38, and was included in 1938 German maneuvers, which gave him unique insight into German tactical operations

Spelling Corrections:

undesireableundesirable
guerillaguerrilla
momentusmomentous

Flashcards:

who were the two opposing leaders in China at the end of WWII
Chiang Kai-shek (nationalists) and Mao Zedong (communists)
from where to where were the Chinese nationalists trying to move their capital in 1947
from Chongqing to Nanjing
1914: Schizophrenic Germany
1914: The Balkan Whirlpool
1914: From Balkan Crisis to War
1914-1916: All War Plans Fail Horribly
The 1916 Missed Opportunity for Peace
WWI Pushes Warring Countries Toward Total States
Why the Allies Won World War One
Post-WWI: Filling the Void of Collapsed Empires
Post-WWI Communism vs. Anti-Communism
Post World War I: The Age of Uncertainty
1910s/1920s: Modern Women
The World of 1930
The 1930s World Crisis
1930s: The Decade of Contingency
America's Entry into World War II
WWII: Strategies for Total War
1945: Hour Zero
Post WWII: Imagining New Countries
Conflicts in Postwar Nation Building
The Two Europes That Emerged After WWII
1947 China: Undesirable Communists vs. Flawed Nationalists
Post WWII: The Age of America
Reasons for the Korean War
How WWIII was Avoided in the Korean War
1950-1952: The Cold War Comes to Main Street
1950-1954: The H-Bomb and the Nuclear Revolution
1950s: Loosening Empires and Building Confederations
The Emergence of the Third World
1958-1962: The World at the Brink
Third World Proxy Wars of the 1950s and 1960s
Managerial States and the Transnational Disruption of 1968
1970s Obstacles to Reducing Cold War Tensions
1970s Democratic Socialism Becomes a Non-Choice
1980s Political Polarization
1980s: Global Capitalism Transformed