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Notes on video lecture:
Managerial States and the Transnational Disruption of 1968
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on August 10, 2014 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
students, intellectuals, May, decay, Europe, 1964, not, malfunctions, North, plodding, vocabulary, insanity, brink, Czech, catalytic, imminent, traitor, polarized, young, institutions, McElroy, escalate, Cambodia, extensiveness, government, civil, Defense, ordinary, equivalent, fear, Shaoqi, disruption, next, dangerous, recalcitrant, bloc, zeal, hierarchy, Politburo, suburbia, coincidences, other, Yates, Fail, private, inside, transnational, volcano
•
middle of 1960s Cold War begins to           
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settles into its second decade
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relations become routine
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both sides stepped back from the            of the Cuban Missile Crisis
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both sides seem to want to make the conflict just a part of                  life
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popular culture reactions
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movies
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1964:          Safe
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about a nuclear crisis where the Soviets are not the villains and the United States is not the hero or the villain
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both superpowers find themselves trapped by the                          of their own technology
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1964: Seven Days in       
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plot to take over American government in order to keep the president from signing an arms control treaty with the Soviets
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1965: Dr. Strangelove
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the nuclear build up is seen as a form of collective                  fit only for the subject of satire and the darkest of dark humor
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Europe
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Soviets have given up their effort to change the status quo in             
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National security states
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large, Cold War bureaucracies
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hierarchies are in charge of most important areas
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managerial states
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United States
•
Neil               
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president of Procter & Gamble
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1957-1959: Secretary of               
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Robert McNamara
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president of Ford Motor Company
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1961-1968: Secretary of Defense
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Communist countries
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the gray, almost faceless members of the Soviet                   
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each person providing guidance to various government ministries
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the government of one communist country looked like the         
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managerial state is being challenged
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Mao Zedong's revolutionary Great Leap Forward
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not only leading a war against the                          countryside, but against his own powerful ministries who are sapping the          out of the revolution
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China is actually being managed by people like Liu             
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very planned economy
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liberation
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liberation from stifling                   
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1962 book: Catch-22, Joseph Heller
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a novel based on his WWII experience in Italy, B-25 bomber squadron
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the enemy never appears
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the enemy turns out to be the managerial state itself, the military bureaucracy, insane,                 , throwing bomber crews into more meaningless missions in which they might get killed
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1962 book: Revolutionary Road, Richard           
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the young husband and wife, full of dreams
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find themselves settling down in                 
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meaning seems to be draining out of their lives
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the societal structures suffocate them and lead to personal crises
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rights revolution
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started in 1960s and expanded into the 70s
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was domestic and international at the same time
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the United States plays a                    role
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because of the civil rights turmoil
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there was a big push to get civil rights for African American, in 1950s coming to a climax in the 1960s
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government may not dicriminate based on race
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e.g. segregation of public schools or bus system
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this is a law which refers to the government
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however, the Civil Rights Act of          stated that even                firms and individuals cannot discriminate based on race or sex
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this was an enormous extension of the scope of these changes
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set precedents which spread around the world beginning in Europe, e.g. in Britain in the 1970s
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so part of the rights revolution is how people in the United States and in other countries began to see the                            of these laws, and the power of these precedents
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this is a challenge to the big, managerial state
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more formal calls for freedom
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from not only racial groups but            kinds of groups
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not only against governments and big business but against big unions
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groups against those being favored who are already on the             
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1968: the famous year of                     
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Prague
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           people are trying to through out Soviet dominated communist rule but Soviets crush this revolution and reinstate the rule of orthodox communists
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Paris
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rebellion against the structures of the structures of President de Gaulle's government (President 1959-1969)
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against the big                          of French life
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America
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anti-Vietnam protests
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Mexico
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rebellion against democratic socialism decaying into a government of cronies helping each other out
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China
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Mao leading revolution against government institutions
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encourage his guards to attack the aging                            who are now obstructing the revolution
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leading common causes of the Great Disruption
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balancing local vs. transnational
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to what extent are all of the protests in 1968 a series of                          and to what extent are they connected as an international movement
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what portion are local and what portion are common and                           
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what is the connection between various countries
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hypothesis #1: China is different
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since you have there Mao leading a revolution against his own                     
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hypothesis #2: living on a quiet               
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millions of people been living under the shadow of                  world war for decades
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created society-wide, existential unease
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as it becomes more routine, there is a reaction against this kind of world of permanent conflict
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hypothesis #3: students
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in many of the affected countries,                  are key actors
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there is an infrastructure of new universities, many just a generation old
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they are being empowered with a                      of mobilization
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opportunities to mobilize in the university's structures environment
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its hard for many of these countries to attack their            people
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hypothesis #4: American turmoil with Vietnam as a catalyst
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Vietnam War is a catalyst which sets off broader challenges to the managerial state
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people around the world are noticing and inspired by what is happening in the United States
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one of the most interesting aspects of the Great Disruption of 1968 is that the protesters did        overturn society
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much of society reacts with          to the breakdown of public order
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societies become more                    as the forces of order strike back
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China
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China's "secret years of terror" begins to get out of hand
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Liu Shaoqi expelled from the Party as a renegade and               , then dies of injuries from abuse he received
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United States
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1968 the Johnson administration decides it can't                  the war
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when Johnson leaves office, he is replaced not by anti-war dissidents
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replaced by Richard Nixon, he has two options
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option #1: escalate the war by attacking the            in a ground war
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option #2: slowly Vietnamize the war by getting the American troops out and letting Vietnam fight its own            war
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takes a middle road
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launches campaign into                 
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hoping North Vietnam will quit
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Soviets
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Leonid Brezhnev (General Secretary from 1964-1982)
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increase military power
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feel they are                      to United States in military power
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wants to maintain superpower status
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break-away republics will be forced back in to the communist         
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China
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Mao increasingly worried about the Soviet Union as being a more                    enemy than the United States
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Mao therefore warms up to the United States
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this is over portrayed as "Nixon's opening to China" but the real variable which created that opening came from the Chinese side

People:

######################### (1898-1969)
[]
President of the People's Republic of China from 1959 to 1968, during which he implemented policies of economic reconstruction in China
  • fell out of favor in the 1960s because Mao viewed him as a threat to his power
  • 1968 disappeared from public life and was labelled China's premier 'Capitalist-roader' and a traitor
  • died under harsh treatment in late 1969
1914: Schizophrenic Germany
1914: The Balkan Whirlpool
1914: From Balkan Crisis to War
1914-1916: All War Plans Fail Horribly
The 1916 Missed Opportunity for Peace
WWI Pushes Warring Countries Toward Total States
Why the Allies Won World War One
Post-WWI: Filling the Void of Collapsed Empires
Post-WWI Communism vs. Anti-Communism
Post World War I: The Age of Uncertainty
1910s/1920s: Modern Women
The World of 1930
The 1930s World Crisis
1930s: The Decade of Contingency
America's Entry into World War II
WWII: Strategies for Total War
1945: Hour Zero
Post WWII: Imagining New Countries
Conflicts in Postwar Nation Building
The Two Europes That Emerged After WWII
1947 China: Undesirable Communists vs. Flawed Nationalists
Post WWII: The Age of America
Reasons for the Korean War
How WWIII was Avoided in the Korean War
1950-1952: The Cold War Comes to Main Street
1950-1954: The H-Bomb and the Nuclear Revolution
1950s: Loosening Empires and Building Confederations
The Emergence of the Third World
1958-1962: The World at the Brink
Third World Proxy Wars of the 1950s and 1960s
Managerial States and the Transnational Disruption of 1968
1970s Obstacles to Reducing Cold War Tensions
1970s Democratic Socialism Becomes a Non-Choice
1980s Political Polarization
1980s: Global Capitalism Transformed