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Notes on video lecture:
The Guodian Laozi
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on February 2, 2017 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
Daodejing, anti, hooves, wisdom, 1998, sick, China, Chu, Guodian, grave, nature, trope, detailed, Zhuangzi, tombs, de, 20th, written, Odes, sageliness, crossword, archeologists, 1993, webbed, bronze, random, Rites, Daoism, utopias, 300
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archeological texts
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some are versions of the                   
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texts that we have uncovered in their original                form
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most written on bamboo with ink
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some are silk text
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Mawangdui, central China
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manuscript on silk, 2nd century BC
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some on paper where caves are particularly dry
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Dunhuang
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typically these come from           
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debate on what the relationship was between the text and the person who died, perhaps
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they liked these texts
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used these texts professional
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they were thought to be important to them in the after-life
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archeologists like archeological texts because they are the best of both words in terms of reliability and accuracy
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received
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examples
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First Song of the Book of         
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advantages
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longer
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give you more information
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disadvantages
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don't know when they were written
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don't know when they were copied
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tend to be elite texts
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archeological
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advantages
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we can date them
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some              vessels have a date on them
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not changed, direct communication
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combine informational richness with historical reliability
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are often everyday texts, not from the elite or studied class necessarily
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disadvantages
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short
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don't give us too much information
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since the beginning of the          century, we are finding more and more
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they revolutionized our understanding of early           
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legal texts
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a judge who was buried with his complete court cases
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can be quite dry topics to read, e.g. some guy stole a chicken, what do we do
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but for historians, it's gold
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it gives you accurate and                  information
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both the legal system of early China
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the daily lives of people
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simpler texts
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farmer's almanacs
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day books
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people trying to figure out why they are getting         
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a more accurate picture of everyday life on the ground
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new philosophical and religious texts
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the                Laozi
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unearthed in Guodian (Hubei) in         
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near the former        capital
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one of the southernmost Warring States
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tomb was sealed in about        BCE
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so we know these texts have not been changed since then
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bamboo strips
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water had entered the tomb
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strips covered with mud
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different length
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the strings that held them together had degenerated
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                           had to put them together
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beveled the same way
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the same length
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string marks
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line them up
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handwriting is similar
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conceptually which go together
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like a jigsaw and                    puzzle
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written in Chu script
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diversity of pre-standardization script styles
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every state had their own script styles
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types of texts
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philosophical and religious
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copies of received texts
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Dao De Jing
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a chapter of the Liji, or Book of           
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copies of texts that we know about, that were listed in bibliographies but were lost
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Wu xing (Five Types of Conduct)
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new texts we had never heard of
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seem to represent a lost school of Confucianism
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Guodian Daodejing
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three bundles
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different handwriting and sizes
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Laozi A
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Laozi B
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Laozi C, Taiyi Shengshui
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creation story
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doesn't correspond to anything in the received Daodejing
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published in         
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still debated who these documents relate to each other
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             order
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partial chapters
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the Daodejing was probably a kind of central text which people could mix and match
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texts were fluid
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using different parts of text for different purposes
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wording is different
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received version:
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"Cut off                     , abandon wisdom, and the people will benefit one hundred fold. Cut off benevolence, abandon righteousness, and the people will return to being filial and kind. Cut off cleverness, abandon profit, and robbers and thieves will be no more."
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get rid of explicit morality and Confucianism
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a clear         -Confucian slant to this passage
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Guodian version:
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"Cut off             , abandon distinctions, and the people will benefit one hundred fold. Cut off cleverness, abandon profit, and the people will return to being filial and kind. Cut off artifice, abandon reflection, and robbers and thieves will be no more."
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no mention of Confucianist terminology
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there is no doubt that there were differences between              and Confucianism in the Warring States period
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the Daodejing is picking metaphors which are explicitly against metaphors in the Analects
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the concepts are different
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the concept of      is almost the opposite
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this divide probably gets more pronounced later in Chinese history
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Warring States period
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a ramping up of these differences
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clearly in place by this time was the                  "primitivist", chapters 8-10
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different from the inner chapters
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represent a primitivist school that looks a lot like the Daodejing school
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but were produced at the end of the Warring States
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talk about                where there is no morality or technology
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             toes
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horrible things that Confucianism does to warp our nature
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horses             
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people who put horse shoes on horses
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potters
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people who mutilate             
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Robber Chih
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echoes passages from the Daodejing
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put them in an anti-Confucian context
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Confucians as            robbers
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the anti-Confucian            gets emphasized at the end of the Warring States

Ideas and Concepts:

Strangely reminds me of my boyhood home in Colorado, via this morning's Ancient Chinese philosophy class: "These rammed earth ruins of a granary in Hecang Fortress, located 11 kilometers northeast of the Western-Han-era Yumen Pass, near the Great Wall of China in the Gansu Province, were built during the Western Han (202 BC - 9 AD) and significantly rebuilt during the Western Jin (280-316 AD). This was an area through which the Silk Road passed, and was the one road connecting Central Asia and China."
Wisdom of the Liji, or The Book of Rites, from the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BC), via this evening's Ancient Chinese Philosophy class: "Accumulate wealth but be able to part with it. Rest in what gives you satisfaction and yet be able to seek satisfaction elsewhere. When you find wealth within your reach, do not attain it by improper means. When you meet with calamity, do not escape from it by improper means. Do not seek for victory in small contentions. Do not seek for more than your proper share. Do not positively affirm what you have doubts about."
Ancient conceptual scheme via tonight's Chinese Philosophy class:

"The Wu Xing is a system of five phases used for describing interactions and relationships between phenomena. After it came to maturity in the first century BCE during the Han dynasty, this device was employed in many fields of early Chinese thought, including seemingly disparate fields such as geomancy (the art of placing or arranging buildings or other sites), Feng shui (philosophical system of harmonizing people and things with the surrounding environment), astrology, medicine, music, military strategy, and martial arts.

The generating relationships between the five phases are:Wood feeds Fire, Fire creates Earth (ash), Earth bears Metal, Metal collects Water, and Water nourishes Wood.

The overcoming relationships are:Wood parts Earth (tree roots), Earth dams Water, Water extinguishes Fire, Fire melts Metal, and Metal chops Wood."
Creation myth emphasizing cooperation, via this morning's Ancient Chinese philosophy class:

"The Taiyi Shengshui was written about 300 BCE during the Warring States period. It was discovered in 1993 in Hubei, Jingmen and is part of the Guodian Chu Slips, the Taiyi Shengshui being was written on 14 bamboo strips in the Chu script.

The Great One gave birth to Water,

and Water returned and assisted the Great One, in this way developing Heaven. Heaven returned and assisted the Great One, in this way developing the Earth. Heaven and earth assisted each other, and in this way developed the Above and Below.

The Above and Below assisted each other,and in this way developed the Yin and Yang. Yin and Yang assisted each other, and in this way developed the Four Seasons. The Four Seasons assisted each other, and in this way created Cold and Hot. Cold and Hot assisted each other, and developed Moist and Dry. Moist and dry assisted each other, and developed the Circle of the Year, and the process came to an end."
Fifth century BCE phenomenological insights, via chapter 2 of the Zhuangzi and this evening's Ancient Chinese philosophy class: "Once, Zhuang Zhou dreamed he was a butterfly, a butterfly flitting and fluttering about, happy with himself and doing as he pleased. He didn't know that he was Zhuang Zhou. Suddenly he woke up and there he was, solid and unmistakable Zhuang Zhou. But he didn't know if he was Zhuang Zhou who had dreamt he was a butterfly, or a butterfly dreaming that he was Zhuang Zhou. Between Zhuang Zhou and the butterfly there must be some distinction. This is called the Transformation of Things."
The Definition of Religion
Mind/Body Dualism and Cognitive Control
Deontology, Utilitarianism, and Virtue Ethics
Wu-Wei, Dao, Tien and De
The Shang Dynasty (1554-1045 BC)
The Beginnings of Written Chinese History
Eastern Holistic Thinking and the Paradox of Virtue
The Golden Age of the Western Zhou (1046–771 BCE)
Philosophical and Conceptual Innovations in Zhou Thought
Confucius and the Analects
Confucius: I Transmit, I Do Not Innovate
Confucius' Use of Ritual as a Tool
Confucius' View on Learning vs. The Enlightenment
Confucius and Holistic Education
Confucius and the Art of Self-Cultivation
At Home in Virtue
Non-Coercive Comportment, Virtue, and Charisma of the Zhou
The Transition to Becoming Sincere
The Primitivists in the Analects
Laozi and the Daodejing
Laozi: Stop the Journey and Return Home
Laozi and The Desires of the Eye
Laozi: He Who Speaks Does Not Know
The Concept of Reversion
Laozi on Shutting Down the Prefrontal Cortex
The Guodian Laozi
Mozi and Materialist State Consequentialism
Mozi's Idea of Ideological Unity
Mozi's Doctrine of Impartial Caring
Mozi's Anti-Confucian Chapters
Mozi's Religious Fundamentalism and Organized Activism
The Language Crisis in the Warring States Period
Yang Zhu and Mid-Warring States' Focus on the Body
The Guodian School of Confucianism
Qi and Self-Cultivation