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Notes on video lecture:
The Language Crisis in the Warring States Period
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on May 30, 2019 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
language, executing, caricatured, consistent, bands, father, universally, myriad, Objects, reconstruct, Mozi, rightness, fragmentary, moral, category, Daoist, Ching, people, know, propositional, vocabulary, reality, all, sophists, definitions, argumentation, new, Chinese, threat
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Warring States literature
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Early Warring States
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Analects
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Tao Te
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the core part of Mohism ( )
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Late Warring States
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concerned with language and how it relates to what we can
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two innovations that separate the early and late warring states literature
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the crisis
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people are getting concerned about how words relate to
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philosophical vocabulary
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debate
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you are not philosophically sophisticated unless you know this
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a good marker
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the physiological turn
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influenced by medicine
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once these terms are created, they are used and hence a good marker
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the language crisis
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the Mohists
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221 BCE, no evidence that Mohism survived
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the Mozi only comes down as a received text of the canon
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why did the Mohist school not survive
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1. people regarded them as un-
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impartial caring
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not favoring your
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yet what was Chinese really hadn't been decided yet in the Warring States period
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2. activists
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defending cities
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highly organized
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the first emperor of Qin [chin] didn't like the idea of these armed running around, and systematically stamped them out
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they were seen as a
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The Mohist canons
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came down to us in a form
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late 19th century, Chinese scholars began to them
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1978, A.C. Graham, "Later Mohist Logic, Ethics and Science"
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presents a reconstruction of the Mohist canon
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plausible and made these text accessible
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essay "Names and "
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bian
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disputation
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people debating about which statements of reality are the proper one
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establishing the truth of statements
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the one who fits the facts is the winner
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making arguments about reality in a competitive way
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mingshi [MING-shur]
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matching up objects with reality
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goal: to make sure that we are
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get clear with how language hooks up with reality
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to have consistent, reliable and accurate teachings
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yi
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a sense of that you have when you are a cultivated gentleman
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yet for the Mohists, rightness is about objective doctrine
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Mohists had instead a concern with language
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Names and Objects: 17
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"He cares for people" requires him to care for people without exception, only then is he deemed to care for people.
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caring for people means doing it without distinctions
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caring for all people
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defining terms avoids confusion
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Names and Objects: 15
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"Although robbers are people, loving robbers is not loving people, not loving robbers is not loving people, killing robbers is not killing people."
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killing refers to
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how can we execute robbers if they are people
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what was meant is that once someone has robbed, they are now in a different
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you have to get your right, otherwise you won't know how to guide your behavior
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lei
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category or kind
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like Aristotle
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there are conditions for putting something in a box
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robbers are not in the box
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they are in a separate box
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mingjia, later Mohists
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The School of Names
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logic and
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impartial caring
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group of people involved in logical distinctions, how sentences work
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against offensive warfare
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in later literature they are made fun of
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known as silly, logical hair splitters
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mingjia was sometimes translated as
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used words to confuse people
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Gongsun Long
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"the white horse is not a horse"
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the noun horse modified by the adjective white makes a kind of horse
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the story is that he got his white horse through customs with this argument so that he didn't have to pay taxes
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this saying was used to label people who would use language to confuse people
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we don't have enough of his teaching to understand what he was trying to say
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Hui Shi [way shur]
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"heaven and earth count as one unit"
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"let your care spread to all the things"
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because we are all one
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all of the teachings we have of the mingjia are conveyed by their enemies and so they tend to get portrayed in this way
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