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Notes on video lecture:
Article II: The Executive Branch
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on November 12, 2014 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
declare, Korea, necessary, Jackson, away, exists, steel, violation, armed, wants, habeas, cabinet, disapproves, police, ships, saboteurs, break, foreign, representatives, New, approves, congress, Lincoln, nothing, Japanese, opposed, roles, filibuster, treaties, opposition, military, one, secondary, sheriff, four, crisis, freeing, Youngstown, explain, consistent, support, laws, hire
Article II
creates the executive branch
while Article I spells out what kind of Congress can make, Article II doesn't do this for the president
it gives the president different and powers
enforce the laws
like a
with the help of
executive officers
members of
federal prosecutors
FBI
most of the government's workers
president can control people under his command generally as he
hire and fire
tell them what to do
for some high level positions, he can't without senate approval
appoints federal judges
conducts affairs
can make with senate approval
can enter into agreements on his own
commander and chief of forces
can't war
this power is reserved to
but if there is a war, he conducts it
looking at this list of powers, the president is in a way to congress
Article II comes after Article I
congress makes laws, the president enforces them
congress declares a war, the president commands it
but power has shifted from congress and towards the president
the basic reason is that congress has its own separation of powers
two houses, 100 senators, hundreds of
rules like the which make it hard for even a majority to get much done
the power of the executive branch, in contrast, is concentrated in person
can act quickly and decisively
particularly in times of war
during the Civil War, did things that might not have been constitutional
seized bound for Confederate ports
Supreme Court eventually said that was not a of the Constitution
suspended the writ of corpus during Civil War
this meant he could arrest people on his own and not have to why to a court
tried to prosecute civilians in commissions rather than Federal courts
the Supreme Court ruled he couldn't do this
announced he was the slaves in Confederate States
the Emancipation Proclamation is an unusual expansion of presidential power
quite possibly not with the Constitution
in defense of these actions, Lincoln made the argument, "it was "
Franklin Roosevelt
to fight Great Depression, he expanded the Federal government with The Deal
with the support of congress but over the of the Supreme Court
Court finally backed down
to fight WWII
prosecuted Nazi in a military commission
told Supreme Court he would defy an order to send them to Federal Court instead
evacuated -Americans from Pacific Coast and detained them in camps
elected times
Harry S Truman
gets FDR presidency handed to him
sends troops into without congressional authorization
argument was that it was a "United Nations action" not an American war
in order to provide steel to those troops, he seized mills to prevent strikes
steel companies sued him, creating the case
we want the president to be able to save the nation when there is a , but not be able to claim there is a crisis when none , or exaggerate one and use it as an excuse to take more power
Justice Robert , three categories of presidential power
1. congress of his actions
his authority is at its maximum
2. congress says about this actions
president can only rely on his own independent powers, or Congress and president can have concurrent authority
3. congress of his actions
president's power is at its lowest ebb
in the Youngstown case, congress was , court ordered him to hand the mills back, and he obeyed
the party system complicates this
since a Congress of the same part as the president is likely to him whether or not his actions are Constitutional or not
the Supreme Court has never ruled that the president is allowed to the law in order to save the nation
People:
######################### (1892-1954) United States Solicitor General (1938-1940), United States Attorney General (1940–1941) and an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
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