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Notes on video lecture:
Early Macedon
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on June 13, 2015 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
Pangaion, early, half, Thermaic, Caldedian, wine, Eastern, superstate, kilometers, grains, rare, timber, Hoplite, rings, two, mountains, Axios, 200, Philip, tribes, gigantic, overlapping, Haliacmon, records, artisan, beyond, 80%, different, Paionia, Pella, drachmas, Greece, Illyria, diciduous, ambitions, 1000, Vergina, keels, alluvial, two
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for most of its early history, Macedonia was a potential                     
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fitfully slumbered through most of that            history waiting for someone to come along and master its fiercely independent tribes and harness its rich resources
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that person turned out to be Alexander's father,              II
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the sheer size of Macedon potentially made it into a dominant power in Greece and even             
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the Macedon city-state
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Macedonia
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refers to the empire that was carved during Philip and Alexander's reigns
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Macedon
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refers to the original political entity located north of             
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in the end the terms have more                        similarities than differences
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about        of the 1000-1500 Greek city states that we know to have existed at one time or another, had territories of around 200 square kilometers (Rhode Island has a territory of over 3000 square kilometers)
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Greek city states were micro-states
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Macedon, however, had a territory of over 20,000 square                     
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it was                  compared to Greek city-states
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unlike many Greek city states, it comprised        distinct geographical regions
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Lower Macedon
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formed by the                  plain created by two rivers
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                   [Ἁλιάκμων]
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           [Αξιός]
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flowed into the                  Gulf
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climate
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essential Mediterranean
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short, rainy winters
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long, hot summers
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suitable conditions for growing             , olives and grapes
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the Macedonians were enthusiastic          drinkers
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the existence of several year-round rivers,          in the Greek context
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helped produce a much larger population than in any other Greek city-state that we know about
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Greek city-state didn't keep very accurate                of their populations
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but we know around 80% of them had populations over         
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only about 10% had population over 10,000
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the significance of these data is that since only          of the population could serve in the army at any given time
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Greek city-states could put into the field                armies of somewhere between 500 to 5,000 or an absolute maximum of 10,000 infantry soldiers
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on the other hand we know that in 334 BCE, the Macedonians could field an infantry army of 27,000 soldiers, roughly        and a half times as large as the army of any Greek city-state that we know about
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it's not a historic accident that both           , the capital of 4th century Macedon, and Aigai [Αἰγαί] (modern               ), where the kings were buried, were located in lower Macedon
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Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos unearthed the burial site of the kings of Macedon, including the tomb of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great
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Upper Macedon
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consisted of the uplands and                   
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stretched into the north and northwest
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into                and Epirus
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where Alexander's mother was born
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natural resources
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mineral resources
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Eastern Macedon around Mount                 
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silver mines
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a talent of silver
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6000 coins called                 
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one silver drachma was the pay for one skilled                for one day's work
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each year the Macedonian kings were getting 6 million drachmas worth of revenues from those mines alone
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could buy a lot of body armor
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climate of                Macedonia
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more continental, colder winters and warmer summers
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tribes that Macedonian kings tried to bring under their control
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the kings of Macedon had to struggle with other rings of enemies
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forests of                    and evergreen trees
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harvested              for ships
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oak wood which they used to lay the            of the ships
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enemies
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east
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tried to subdue              in Eastern Macedonia
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inner ring
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Thessaly to the south
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Thrace
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                   League
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to the north
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to the west
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Epirus
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to the far south
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Greek city-states of central Greece
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to the far east
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Persian Empire
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until the Macedonia kings were able to master their own areas in upper and lower Macedon
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and fend off both            of enemies around them
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they could not entertain broader                   
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unleashing Macedon's potential took over        years of constant warfare
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led to the creation of a state that looked like a very                    kind of place to most Greeks than the city states they lived in
Alexander the Great, the Terrible, or the Insignificant
Why Study Alexander the Great?
The Importance of the Battle of Thermopylae
The Peloponnesian War and Internal Greek Struggles
Early Macedon
The Nature of Macedon
Philip II of Macedon's Military Reforms
Alexander's Cavalry Units
Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC)