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Notes on video lecture:
Early Macedon
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on June 13, 2015 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
1000, kilometers, Haliacmon, Vergina, Caldedian, superstate, keels, 80%, two, timber, beyond, different, Paionia, Thermaic, wine, Illyria, Eastern, Hoplite, alluvial, rings, rare, early, 200, mountains, records, two, Axios, Greece, half, Pella, ambitions, gigantic, grains, diciduous, overlapping, drachmas, Philip, tribes, Pangaion, artisan
for most of its early history, Macedonia was a potential
fitfully slumbered through most of that history waiting for someone to come along and master its fiercely independent tribes and harness its rich resources
that person turned out to be Alexander's father, II
the sheer size of Macedon potentially made it into a dominant power in Greece and even
the Macedon city-state
Macedonia
refers to the empire that was carved during Philip and Alexander's reigns
Macedon
refers to the original political entity located north of
in the end the terms have more similarities than differences
about of the 1000-1500 Greek city states that we know to have existed at one time or another, had territories of around 200 square kilometers (Rhode Island has a territory of over 3000 square kilometers)
Greek city states were micro-states
Macedon, however, had a territory of over 20,000 square
it was compared to Greek city-states
unlike many Greek city states, it comprised distinct geographical regions
Lower Macedon
formed by the plain created by two rivers
[Ἁλιάκμων]
[Αξιός]
flowed into the Gulf
climate
essential Mediterranean
short, rainy winters
long, hot summers
suitable conditions for growing , olives and grapes
the Macedonians were enthusiastic drinkers
the existence of several year-round rivers, in the Greek context
helped produce a much larger population than in any other Greek city-state that we know about
Greek city-state didn't keep very accurate of their populations
but we know around 80% of them had populations over
only about 10% had population over 10,000
the significance of these data is that since only of the population could serve in the army at any given time
Greek city-states could put into the field armies of somewhere between 500 to 5,000 or an absolute maximum of 10,000 infantry soldiers
on the other hand we know that in 334 BCE, the Macedonians could field an infantry army of 27,000 soldiers, roughly and a half times as large as the army of any Greek city-state that we know about
it's not a historic accident that both , the capital of 4th century Macedon, and Aigai [Αἰγαί] (modern ), where the kings were buried, were located in lower Macedon
Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos unearthed the burial site of the kings of Macedon, including the tomb of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great
Upper Macedon
consisted of the uplands and
stretched into the north and northwest
into and Epirus
where Alexander's mother was born
natural resources
mineral resources
Eastern Macedon around Mount
silver mines
a talent of silver
6000 coins called
one silver drachma was the pay for one skilled for one day's work
each year the Macedonian kings were getting 6 million drachmas worth of revenues from those mines alone
could buy a lot of body armor
climate of Macedonia
more continental, colder winters and warmer summers
tribes that Macedonian kings tried to bring under their control
the kings of Macedon had to struggle with other rings of enemies
forests of and evergreen trees
harvested for ships
oak wood which they used to lay the of the ships
enemies
east
tried to subdue in Eastern Macedonia
inner ring
Thessaly to the south
Thrace
League
to the north
to the west
Epirus
to the far south
Greek city-states of central Greece
to the far east
Persian Empire
until the Macedonia kings were able to master their own areas in upper and lower Macedon
and fend off both of enemies around them
they could not entertain broader
unleashing Macedon's potential took over years of constant warfare
led to the creation of a state that looked like a very kind of place to most Greeks than the city states they lived in