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Notes on video lecture:
How News Has Changed
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
journalism, five, skeptical, fact, person, speed, adversarial, digital, branding, quality, half, web, no, computer, source, business, gate
there's been a shift over the                      industry over the last 35 years
how we consume our news
how reporters do their jobs
the rise of                technology
news is still in demand
the news model is not broken but the                  model is
the advertising that would support three or four hundred staffers in a news room is gone
it's gone to the       
in fact, it's now parsed in such small numbers that even news on the web typically cannot drive enough ad revenue to support the kinds of organizations we became accustomed to seeing
within the past ten years, the number of journalists working for daily newspapers in the United States has fallen by         
journalists don't just throw something up on the web
it's a time consuming effort to keep on top of local affairs, national affairs, international affairs
there used to be          levels of editing
now in some news organizations there is      editing
today's a single reporter is going straight to the web with a story that hasn't been checked, hasn't been read, hasn't been questioned, hasn't been challenged
when you think of this editing as                control, it is gone now in many news reporting organizations
if you are lucky, there are one level of editing, maybe two
the website that feeds news only pays about 20% or less of the revenue that keeps a news organization going
papers still rely on paper for about 80% of their revenue
the scope of journalism is changing
click-bait sites are being produced and in some cases are getting more revenue than professional sites which has staff which takes significant time and training
journalists used to be called         -keepers, it was a monopoly
you couldn't really get your message out unless a reporter wrote it and it was published in a newspaper
that gate-keeper function is gone, it's been erased by the digital world
today, anyone with a                  can look like a journalist
fake news outlets have always existed
there has always been propaganda
now they are not trying to put one over on the reporter, they're just putting it on the web
if a tiny fraction of people see it and believe it, their mission is accomplished
how do you parse the information you are exposed to
it's more                        now
the digital world is ravenous, it must be fed on a constant cycle
tips for media consumers to navigate the flow of information
1. consider the             
if it has a history of putting a spin on stories, don't look at these stories
don't immediately react to something that might be untrue
2. use snopes.com and          checkers
3. consider the              who wrote the story
google the name of the person who wrote the story
4. be aware of                 
trust sources that have given you solid news
how to parse out a mistake and intentional fake news
one doesn't always have all the facts
the problem is the            that media companies have to get out the news
we need to have more                    readers

Ideas and Concepts:

On changes in the journalism industry in the past three decades, via tonight's Fake News, Facts, and Alternative Facts class:

"News is still in demand. The news model isn't broken, but the news business model is. The advertising that used to support three or four hundred staffers in a news room is gone. It's gone to the web. In fact, it's now parsed in such small numbers that even news on the web typically cannot drive enough ad revenue to support the kinds of organizations we became accustomed to seeing.

Within the past ten years, the number of people working for daily newspapers in the United States has fallen by half.

A professional journalist doesn't just throw something up on the web. The job of a journalist is a time consuming effort to keep on top of local affairs, national affairs, and international affairs.

There used to be five levels of editing. Now in some news organizations there is no editing. Today in many organizations, single reporters are going straight to the web with stories that haven't been checked, haven't been read, haven't been questioned, haven't been challenged.

When you think of editing as quality control, it is gone now in many news reporting organizations. If you are lucky, there are one level of editing, maybe two."
An argument for buying news on paper, via tonight's Fake News, Facts, and Alternative Facts class: "The dirty little secret in journalism is that the website that feeds you your news only pays about 20% or less of the revenue that keeps a news organization going. Newspapers still rely on paper for about 80% of their revenue."
Upheavals in journalism, via tonight's Fake News, Facts, and Alternative Facts class:

"Journalists used to be called gate-keepers. It was a monopoly. You couldn't really get your message out unless a reporter wrote it and it was published in a newspaper.

Today, that gate-keeper function is gone. It's been erased by the digital world, so that now anyone with a computer can look like a journalist.

But that doesn't mean they're thinking like a journalist or acting like a journalist. Journalism is not the process of typing words and publishing them. It's the discipline of being analytical and critical of the subject being investigated, of checking facts and making sure they're reliable before anyone sees them."
How We Know Things
Democratic News Consumption: The Ideal and the Reality
The Definition of Propaganda and Fake News
Seven Types of Inaccurate News
How News Has Changed
Accuracy in the Digital Era