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what are artifacts?

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objects that were created by humans

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as opposed to artifacts found in nature

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e.g. a fossil of a fish is an object but not an artifact

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in contrast, an ice cream scoop is an object and an artifact

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clearly made by humans

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the term artifact includes non-physical objects

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software

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services

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business models

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processes

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design is the creation of artifacts, and artifacts are anything that is made by humans can be a designed artifact

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the Insalata Caprese, allegedly invented by someone on the island of Capri in the south of Italy

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the Fine Arts Library at the University of Pennsylvania

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a staircase in the Apple store in Tokyo

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or a bit of scheme code, the the print out of the code, but the symbolic representation of the code

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where do artifacts come from

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the Zyliss ice cream scoop

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the development of the ice cream scoop

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someone uses a spoon to scoop out frozen ice cream

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spoon bends (gap)

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there is plan to solve the problem

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plan is turned into an artifact

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problem is solved

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design

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conceiving and giving form to artifacts that solve problems

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typical of design is that artifacts create new gaps or problems

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Scott Kim

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creates inversions, logos that read the same right-side-up or up-side-down

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is this design?

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no: they are self-expression, they are more representative of art

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however, if you are solving a problem such as a logo on a laptop that needs to be read upside-down as well as right-side up, then it is design

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quotes:

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Design is conceiving and giving form to artifacts that solve problems.