•

how are we going to evaluate speeches?

•

standardizing of grading is an important aspect but not the most important aspect

•

we are going to evaluate rubrics, i.e. various aspects of the speech

•

we get better at speaking by studying these parts in isolation and in tandem with each other

•

parts of impromptu speech

•

invention: main points

•

main points

•

coming up with claims in support of a thesis

•

invention: support

•

does the speaker include appropriate and effective evidence for both main points?

•

does the speaker explain how the evidence supports the main points clearly and effectively?

•

arrangement

•

develop a muscle memory for arrangement

•

did the speaker preview the speech clearly and effectively?

•

did they transition between the speech's main points clearly and effectively?

•

did they provide internal structure clearly and effectively?

•

did they review the speech clearly and effectively and provide a sense of closure?

•

delivery

•

did the speaker appear confident

•

did he use projection effectively

•

did he pace and pause effectively (pace as in speech rate, not walking back and forth)

•

did he use gestures and movement effectively and appropriately

•

all of these are mutually influencing, yet we benefit by isolating and practicing each one

•

outlining

•

preparing your speech in a light, hierarchical manner

•

when preparing a speech, you want to create a light, flexible, and simple structure which helps you plan, prepare, and practice your speech, but in a way that doesn't lock you into certain words but instead allows you to extemporize, knowing what we are going to say but letting the words emerge out of the moment

•

flowing

•

allows us to highlight the areas where the speaker is clear or unclear or where the argument is strong or weak