EDWARD'S LECTURE NOTES:
More notes at http://tanguay.info/learntracker
C O U R S E 
A Beginner's Guide to Irrational Behavior
Prof. Dan Ariely, Duke University
https://www.coursera.org/#course/behavioralecon
C O U R S E   L E C T U R E 
How Effort Leads to Fondness of the End Result
Notes taken on April 24, 2017 by Edward Tanguay
•
experiment
•
gave people sheet of paper with randomly arranged letters
•
asked them to find pairs of letters
•
paid them, but less for each sheet they did
•
each time they turned in a sheet they could define if they wanted to continue
•
three conditions
•
1. acknowledged condition: when they handed it in, the experimenter looked at it, said "ah-hah" and put it down
•
participants stopped at $0.15 per page
•
2. ignored condition: experimenter didn't say anything and just put it on the pile
•
participants stopped at $0.30 per page, just like the shredder
•
3. the shredder: took the sheet and put it through a shredder
•
participants stopped at $0.30 per page
•
results
•
acknowledgement increases motivation
•
ignoring people is just as demotivating as shredding their work
•
it's easy to keep people motivated, and it is easy to make them demotivated
•
IKEA
•
bought a chest for toys
•
was difficult to assemble
•
but because one assembles it, one has an personal attachment to it
•
it's not that I don't remember the agony of building it, but I am fond of it
•
the more effort you put into something, the more you admire it
•
cake mixes
•
it was thought that housewives would love these
•
the reality was that people did not like the cake mixes
•
the egg theory
•
if you take powder and you mix it with water and you bake it, it is too easy for you to take credit for it
•
it feels like opening a can and pouring it in a pot
•
so they took egg and the milk powder out of the mix and required the customer to add these ingredients themselves
•
it became more popular
•
the lesson is that you can make a product require more effort on the part of the customer and nevertheless like it more
•
origami experiment
•
first
•
gave people a sheet of instructions to create a piece of origami art
•
reality that what people created was not that good
•
asked other people to evaluate them
•
the builders felt their own was worth more
•
the builders thought that others would love it as well
•
second
•
one group got instruction with less text, so these were uglier
•
the uglier ones felt better about their own
•
more effort creates love
•
but if someone made something that did not resemble origami at all, they had no attachment to it
•
products
•
allow customers to design your own products
•
allow customers to build their own
•
make customers have to put a lot of effort into it
•
but you don't want to make them invest so much effort that they can't create the product at all