EDWARD'S LECTURE NOTES:
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C O U R S E
The Rooseveltian Century
Giles Scott-Smith, Universiteit Leiden
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C O U R S E L E C T U R E Franklin Roosevelt's Approach to Security Notes taken on September 8, 2016 by Edward Tanguay |
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during his four-term presidency, FDR had to face security threats unequaled in scale
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1929 Wall Street crash
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the Great Depression
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very high unemployment
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poverty affecting millions of people
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abroad there was the rise of totalitarianism
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1933 inaugural address
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"Let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself -- nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance."
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confidence was the first step in building a collective sense of security
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The New Deal
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authorized large scale intervention in economic management, social welfare, and industrial policy
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modernize the country
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stabilize the financial sector
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reduce unemployment through public works
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give workers higher wages and better working conditions
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Agricultural Adjustment Act
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Tennessee Valley Authority
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National Industrial Recovery Act
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Works Progress Administration
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1933 Banking Act
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separated commercial and investment banking activities
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to protect the consumer
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stood until its repeal in 1999
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National Labor Relations Act
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1935 Social Security Act
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guaranteed pensions for millions of Americans
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unemployment insurance
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care for dependent children and disabled
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1939 situation in Europe deteriorated rapidly
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Japan was expanding its influence
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even before Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt had a view of the role of the United States
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August 1941 Declaration of the Atlantic Charter
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England and the United States
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an affirmation of certain common principles in the national policies of their respective countries on which they based their hopes for a better future for the world
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1942 foundation of the United Nations
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Franklin's Good Neighbor approach to Latin America led to
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1948 Organization of American States
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vision was to build a safe, post-war international order so that another world war could be prevented
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security
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collective security at international level
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social security at the national level